Crne tačkice pred očima

Pojavljuju vam se crne tačkice pred očima? Smetaju li vam  crne mrlje u vidnom polju?

Tačkice,“mušice” ili “končići” koji nam se pojavljuju u vidnom polju su zapravo plivajuće  mutnine (opacitati) koje se nalaze u normalno prozirnom u staklastom tijelu, i nisu fiksirane unutar oka. Upravo zbog toga oko vidi zamućenja, zbog sjena opacitata koje se stvaraju na mrežnjači. Ovakve se mutnine najčešće primjećuju pri pogledu na bijele podloge (zid ili snijeg) ili pri jakom  svjetlu.

Kao što znamo oko nije šuplje, već je ispunjeno staklastim  tijelom (lat. corpus vitreum) koje je tipične želatinozne strukture, zauzima četiri petine volumena oka, između sočiva i mrežnjače (retine) i daje oblik očnoj jabučici.

Njegova uloga je optička jer je prozirno pa propušta svjetlost do mrežnjače, kao i mehanička, tj. održavanje stalne napetosti i veličine očne jabučice. Sastoji se od 99% vode u kojoj su otopljene razne supstance, a prije svega proteini. Oni su vlaknaste građe i oku nevidljivi, osim u nekim  stanjima kad postaju vidljivi i stvaraju oblike crtica ili niti koje nam prividno lete pred očima. Najčešće se radi o promjenama koje su  potpuno bezopasne.

staklasto tijelo

Međutim postoje i druga stanja u oku koja se mogu manifestovati na isti ili sličan način. Tokom godina, zbog procesa starenja i degenerativnih promjena staklastog tijela, ali i zbog određenih predisponirajućih faktora kao što su visoka minus dioptrija, stanja nakon operacije  mrene, poslije povrede oka, dolazi do odvajanja staklastog tijela od mrežnjače što je praćeno pojavom  bljeskova ispred oka i iznenadnom pojavom “rojeva mušica”. To je normalan fiziološki proces, ali je istovremeno i potencijalno opasan jer se u 15 % slučajeva može dogoditi da uslijed odvajanja staklastog tijela dođe i do pojave pukotina (rupture) mrežnjače, što u konačnici može dovesti do odvajanja mrežnjače (ablacija retine). Ablacija retine predstavlja jedno od hitnih stanja u oftalmologiji, te ukoliko se ne prepozna i ne liječi na vrijeme može dovesti do trajnog gubitka vida.

Zbog toga je vrlo važno da ukoliko primjetite sljedeće  simptome:

  • Bljeskove pred okom
  • Iznenadnu pojavu većeg  broja  mušica
  • Krivljenje slike
  • Pojavu “crne zavjese”  u  vidnom polju

odmah zakažete pregled kod vašeg oftalmologa sa širenjem zjenica i pregledom očnog dna, jer se u slučaju ranog otkrivanja pukotina u mrežnjači može uraditi lasersko zavarivanje istih i na taj način spriječiti daleko teže i ozbiljnije posljedice.

dr Vladimir Račić

Dr Vladimir Račić

Specijalizant oftalmologije

Home » Crne tačkice pred očima

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