Zamućenje vida nakon operacije katarakta i laserski tretman

Katarakta predstavlja proces starenja oka kod kojeg dolazi do zamućenja očnog sočiva. Uzrok može biti urođeno stanje, posljedica korišćenja određenih lijekova, trauma ili proces starenja. Kada katarakta postane dovoljno opterećujuća da utiče na život osobe i na ispunjavanje životnih aktivnosti, vrijeme je da se razmisli o operaciji i njenom uklanjanju.
Danas se operacija katarakte radi veoma brzo, uz brz oporavak i minimalne neprijatnosti. Očno sočivo smješteno je u tankom sloju u unutrašnjosti oka, obavijeno očnom kapsulom. Hirurg pravi mali rez u rožnjači ručno ili pomoću lasera, odstranjuje prednju kapsulu, uklanja zamućeno sočivo i zamjenjuje ga vještačkim sočivom u unutrašnjosti kapsule. Vještačko sočivo ne može da razvije kataraktu.

Šta onda može izazvati zamućenje vida kod pacijenta? Kod malog procenta pacijenata ćelije koje su ostale unutar zadnjeg dijela kapsule počinju da migriraju, uzrokujući neprozirnost, koja dovodi do zamućenja vida. Ovo se ponekad naziva kao stanje “nakon katarakte” ili “sekundarna katarakta”. Na sreću, upotrebom lasera lako I jednostavno se vraća normalan vid.

Ako je operacija katarakte brza i bezbolna, onda je YAG laserska procedura još lakša. Kapi za oči sa anestetikom kao i kapi za proširivanje zjenice ukapavaju se oko pola sata prije početka procedure, tako da laserski zraci mogu doći do zadnje capsule sočiva. Nakon ponovnog ukapavanja anestetika, pacijent pozicionira svoju glavu ispred laserskog aparata i posle samo nekoliko sekundi i nekoliko laserskih pečata, zamućeni dio zadnje kapsule će biti odstranjen, a vid ponovo vraćen.

Odmah nakon intervencije provjerava se intraokularni pritisak i pacijent se šalje kući. U narednih par dana vid se u potpunosti vraća u normalu.

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